Transitions are used a lot nowadays in film and television. They each have their own qualities and effects that it leaves on the audience. The transitions used in a movie often depends on the style of the movie itself. For example, a fairy tale could include a wipe to indicate a page turning in a book or fades to indicate flashbacks. There are even more types of transition than these as well.
One of the most commonly used transitions is more of an audio transition. It is called the L Cut or the Split Edit because on the editing timeline it looks like the letter L. The L cut is an audio transition which is used to create the effect that a character is talking in another following shot. The viewers mind fills in the gap that the talking character is still in the same scene.
A much simpler cut, known as the jump cut, doesn't require any real editing and isonly used to cut to an area of action or movement to an area with little or no movement. This is used in the film "I Am Legend" to distinguish between a flashback and the present day.
Another cut which isn't used much in films is the wipe cut. This cut is associated with the Star Wars franchise because the wipe makes the film look like a story book, which the films were actually based on. This cut isn't used much for that reason, it creates the illusion that we are watching a picture book.
Parralel editing is more of an editing technique but can also be used as a transition. It is used to show two events occuring at the same time. A phone conversation for example could be editied using this. Take these scenes from Scott Pilgrim VS the World and Red Dwarf. They show good examples of parralel editing.
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